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Title | Episodic memory performance in a multi-ethnic longitudinal study of 13,037 elderly. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2018 |
Authors | Lee S, Zhou X, Gao Y, Vardarajan B, Reyes-Dumeyer D, Rajan KB, Wilson RS, Evans DA, Besser LM, Kukull WA, Bennett DA, Brickman AM, Schupf N, Mayeux R, Barral S |
Journal | PLoS One |
Volume | 13 |
Issue | 11 |
Pagination | e0206803 |
Date Published | 11/2018 |
ISSN | 1932-6203 |
Keywords | Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alleles, Alzheimer Disease, Apolipoproteins E, Educational Status, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Genotype, Humans, Incidence, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Memory, Episodic, Sex Factors |
Abstract | Age-related changes in memory are not uniform, even in the absence of dementia. Characterization of non-disease associated cognitive changes is crucial to gain a more complete understanding of brain aging. Episodic memory was investigated in 13,037 ethnically diverse elderly (ages 72 to 85 years) with two to 15 years of follow-up, and with known dementia status, age, sex, education, and APOE genotypes. Adjusted trajectories of episodic memory performance over time were estimated using Latent Class Mixed Models. Analysis was conducted using two samples at baseline evaluation: i) non-cognitively impaired individuals, and ii) all individuals regardless of dementia status. We calculated the age-specific annual incidence rates of dementia in the non-demented elderly (n = 10,220). Two major episodic memory trajectories were estimated: 1) Stable-consisting of individuals exhibiting a constant or improved memory function, and 2) Decliner-consisting of individuals whose memory function declined. The majority of the study participants maintain their memory performance over time. Compared to those with Stable trajectory, individuals characterized as Decliners were more likely to have non-white ethnic background, fewer years of education, a higher frequency of ε4 allele at APOE gene and five times more likely to develop dementia. The steepest decline in episodic memory was observed in Caribbean-Hispanics compared to non-Hispanic whites (p = 4.3 x 10(-15)). The highest incident rates of dementia were observed in the oldest age group, among those of Caribbean-Hispanics ancestry and among Decliners who exhibited rates five times higher than those with Stable trajectories (11 per 100 person-years versus 3 per 100 person-years. Age, education, ethnic background and APOE genotype influence the maintenance of episodic memory. Declining memory is one of the strongest predictors of incident dementia. |
DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0206803 |
Alternate Journal | PLoS ONE |
PubMed ID | 30462667 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC6248922 |
Grant List | P30 AG053760 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG016574 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG049638 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG016573 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG005133 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States RF1 AG054023 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG023501 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG010161 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States U24 AG041689 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States R01 AG051635 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States R01 AG015819 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG010124 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG010133 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG005146 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG035982 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States U01 AG016976 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG005136 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG005681 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States U24 AG056270 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG047266 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG012300 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG008051 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG028383 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG008702 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG047270 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG005138 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG005131 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States RF1 AG015473 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG010129 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG019610 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG005142 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG008017 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States K01 AG051348 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG047366 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG013854 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG025688 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P30 AG013846 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG005134 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States P50 AG033514 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States |